我在光仁的日子都沒想到過ASH WENSDAY
光仁中學的聖灰週三 - OPEN的部落格 - Yahoo!奇摩部落格FROM WIKI - translate to Chinese with google translator, so it may contains some sentences with no sense.
在西方基督教日曆，聖灰星期三是第一天的大齋期和發生四六天（四十天不指望星期日）復活節前。它屬於在不同的日期一年，因為它是依賴於復活節的日期，它可能會發生，早在2月4日或最遲3月10日。
聖灰星期三得名的做法，把骨灰的額頭的教友，以示懺悔。骨灰用後所收集的棕櫚十字架由前一年的聖枝主日被燒毀。在禮儀實踐中的一些教會，骨灰混有石油的慕道者[ 1 ] （一個神聖的油用來塗油那些即將受洗），儘管一些教會使用普通石油。這貼是用來部長主持誰的服務，使兩岸的跡象，首先取決於他或她自己的額頭，然後對這些教徒。部長叨唸的話： “請記住（海外男子）您是灰塵和塵你應返回”或“思悔改，並相信福音。 ”
目錄
[隱藏]
* 1儀式
* 2聖經意義
* 3日期
* 4教派觀測聖灰星期三
* 5另見
* 6參考
* 7外部鏈接
[編輯]儀式
在群眾和服務的崇拜在這一天，骨灰強加在額頭的忠實（或剃度景點，對於某些神職人員）。牧師，部長，或在某些情況下，主外行人，標誌著額頭的每個參與者黑色灰燼形狀的一個交叉，這是信徒的傳統保留，直至消退。該法反映了古代近東的傳統骨灰扔了一個人的頭部，以示悔改上帝面前（與在聖經） 。牧師或部長說，下列其中一個申請時的灰燼：
記住啊，男人，你是塵土，並且告訴你應塵埃返回。
生成3時19分
迴避罪惡和忠實於福音。
標誌1:15
懺悔，並聽到了好消息。
標誌1:15
“聖灰星期三”卡爾Spitzweg ：嘉年華結束。
骨灰用於禮拜或服務的質量是sacramentals ，而不是一個聖禮。骨灰有幸根據各種儀式適當每個禮儀的傳統，有時涉及使用“聖水” 。在某些教會他們混合輕量的水[ 2 ]或橄欖油[ 3 ] [ 4 ] ，它作為一個固定。
在大多數liturgies灰星期三，悔罪詩篇讀取;詩篇51 （ LXX詩篇50 ）特別是與此相關的一天。 [ 5 ]該服務還包括一個企業往往供認儀式。
在一些自由教會禮儀的傳統，其他做法有時補充或代替，如用其他方法來象徵供詞和懺悔的一天。例如，在一個共同的變化，小卡分發給眾的人們，請寫一個罪惡他們希望供認。這些小卡提出了表的祭壇，他們是被燒毀。 [ 6 ]
在羅馬天主教會，骨灰被sacramentals ，可考慮將任何基督教， [ 7 ] [ 8 ] ，而不是天主教聖禮，這通常是保留給教會的成員，除非發生嚴重的必要性。 [ 9 ] [ 10 ]同樣，在大多數其他基督教派的骨灰可能收到的所有誰信奉基督教信仰，並受洗。 [ 11 ]
在羅馬天主教聖灰星期三是觀察禁食，禁慾肉類和懺悔，每天考慮一個人的越軌。英國聖公會圖書的共同祈禱也指定聖灰星期三作為一天的禁食。在其他基督教派這些做法都是可選的，主要的工作重點是在懺悔。在聖灰星期三和耶穌受難日，羅馬天主教徒之間的年齡在18和59被允許消耗只有充分餐，這可能是兩個較小的補充膳食，連同不應該平等充分用餐。一些天主教徒將超出最低限度的義務所要求的教會和進行全面快速或麵包和水快。聖灰星期三和耶穌受難日也天禁慾肉類（對於那些天主教徒14歲及以上），因為大家都在四旬期星期五。一些天主教徒繼續空腹在整個的大齋期，這是教會的傳統要求，結論只有在慶祝復活節守夜活動。
作為第一天的大齋期，來自聖灰星期三後的第二天懺悔星期二或狂歡節（脂肪星期二） ，最後一天的狂歡季節。 [ 12 ]
[編輯]聖經意義
聖灰星期三這一天的懺悔和它標誌著四旬期。骨灰被用來在古時候，根據聖經，表示哀悼。除塵自己的骨灰是懺悔的方式表示悲哀和捷聯慣導系統故障。一個古老的例子，一個表達自己的懺悔中發現工作42:3-6 。就業上帝說： “我聽說過你的耳朵聽的：但現在地雷眼seeth你。何故我痛恨自己，後悔的塵埃和灰燼。 ” （ vv. 5-6 ， KJV ）其他的例子還有發現在其他一些書籍聖經包括，數字19時09分， 19時17分， 3時06分喬納，馬修11:21 ，和路加福音10:13 ，和希伯來書9 ： 13 。厄澤克爾9還談到亞麻包送信標誌著額頭市居民已悲痛的罪過的人。所有這些未經商標被摧毀。
它標誌著開始了四十天期間類似的分離耶穌在沙漠中的快速和祈禱。在此期間，他被誘惑。馬修4:1-11 ，馬克1:12-13 ，和路加福音4:1-13 。 [ 13 ]
劇院計劃1872年從聖灰星期三
在維多利亞英格蘭，劇院避免提出古裝節目聖灰星期三，所以他們提供其他娛樂活動，如顯示在程序上的權利，從1872年2月14日在歡樂劇場，倫敦。
[編輯]日期
聖灰星期三是一個流動的盛宴， 46天前發生的復活節。下跌2月6日在2008年2月25日在2009年。在今後幾年聖灰星期三將出現在上述日期：
* 2010年- 2月17日
* 2011年- 3月9日
* 2012年- 2月22日
* 2013年- 2月13日
* 2014年- 3月5日
* 2015年- 2月18日
* 2016年- 2月10日
* 2017年- 3月1日
* 2018年- 2月14日
* 2019年- 3月6日
歷史注：聖灰星期三儘早就可能發生的2月4日（在一個共同今年的復活節在3月22日） ，其中發生在1573年， 1668年， 1761年和1818年。最新的日期是3月10日（復活節時，適逢4月25日）發生在1546年， 1641年， 1736年， 1886年和1943年。聖灰星期三從未發生在閏年日（ 2月29日），也不會出現這樣的，直到2096年。唯一的其他年份在第三個千年將有聖灰星期三2月29 2688年， 2840年和2992年。（聖灰星期三2月29日適逢只有復活節是4月15日在一個閏年。 ）
[編輯]教派觀測聖灰星期三
這些基督教派是那些馬克聖灰星期三舉行禮拜或服務的質量：
*非洲衛理公會聖公會
*非洲衛理錫安教會
*聖公會/聖公會教堂（除最悉尼教區教堂）
*單獨的浸信會教堂可以舉行服務
*上帝教會（安德森）
*教會的拿撒勒
*有些教會的基督社區
*一些自由教會
*自由天主教教會
*路德教會
*舊天主教會
*歸正會（長老會，美國基督教會，基督教會（門徒基督） ，等等）
*羅馬天主教會
*聯合衛理公會教堂
*衛斯理教會
東正教不一般觀察聖灰星期三;相反，東正教大齋期開始的清潔日。但是，也有相對較少的東正教徒誰按照西方禮儀;這些不遵守聖灰星期三，但往往在不同的一天從先前提到的教派，因為它的日期是從東正教復活節的計算，這可多達一個月後比西方慶祝復活節。
In the Western Christian calendar, Ash Wednesday is the first day of Lent and occurs forty-six days (forty days not counting Sundays) before Easter. It falls on a different date each year, because it is dependent on the date of Easter; it can occur as early as February 4 or as late as March 10.
Ash Wednesday gets its name from the practice of placing ashes on the foreheads of the faithful as a sign of repentance. The ashes used are gathered after the Palm Crosses from the previous year's Palm Sunday are burned. In the liturgical practice of some churches, the ashes are mixed with the Oil of the Catechumens[1] (one of the sacred oils used to anoint those about to be baptized), though some churches use ordinary oil. This paste is used by the minister who presides at the service to make the sign of the cross, first upon his or her own forehead and then on those of congregants. The minister recites the words: "Remember (O man) that you are dust, and to dust you shall return", or "Repent, and believe the Gospel."
Contents
[hide]
* 1 Ritual
* 2 Biblical significance
* 3 Dates
* 4 Denominations observing Ash Wednesday
* 5 See also
* 6 References
* 7 External links
[edit] Ritual
At Masses and services of worship on this day, ashes are imposed on the foreheads of the faithful (or on the tonsure spots, in the case of some clergy). The priest, minister, or in some cases officiating layperson, marks the forehead of each participant with black ashes in the shape of a cross, which the worshipper traditionally retains until it wears off. The act echoes the ancient Near Eastern tradition of throwing ashes over one's head to signify repentance before God (as related in the Bible). The priest or minister says one of the following when applying the ashes:
Remember, O man, that you are dust, and unto dust you shall return.
—Genesis 3:19
Turn away from sin and be faithful to the Gospel.
—Mark 1:15
Repent, and hear the good news.
—Mark 1:15
"Ash Wednesday" by Carl Spitzweg: the end of Carnival.
The ashes used in the service of worship or Mass are sacramentals, not a sacrament. The ashes are blessed according to various rites proper to each liturgical tradition, sometimes involving the use of "Holy Water". In some churches they are mixed with light amounts of water[2] or olive oil[3][4], which serve as a fixative.
In most liturgies for Ash Wednesday, the Penitential psalms are read; Psalm 51 (LXX Psalm 50) is especially associated with this day.[5] The service also often includes a corporate confession rite.
In some of the free church liturgical traditions, other practices are sometimes added or substituted, as other ways of symbolizing the confession and penitence of the day. For example, in one common variation, small cards are distributed to the congregation on which people are invited to write a sin they wish to confess. These small cards are brought forth to the altar table where they are burned.[6]
In the Roman Catholic Church, ashes, being sacramentals, may be given to any Christian,[7][8] as opposed to Catholic sacraments, which are generally reserved for church members, except in cases of grave necessity.[9][10] Similarly, in most other Christian denominations ashes may be received by all who profess the Christian faith and are baptized.[11]
In the Roman Catholic Church, Ash Wednesday is observed by fasting, abstinence from meat, and repentance—a day of contemplating one's transgressions. The Anglican Book of Common Prayer also designates Ash Wednesday as a day of fasting. In other Christian denominations these practices are optional, with the main focus being on repentance. On Ash Wednesday and Good Friday, Roman Catholics between the ages of 18 and 59 are permitted to consume only one full meal, which may be supplemented by two smaller meals, which together should not equal the full meal. Some Roman Catholics will go beyond the minimum obligations demanded by the Church and undertake a complete fast or a bread and water fast. Ash Wednesday and Good Friday are also days of abstinence from meat (for those Catholics age 14 and over), as are all Fridays in Lent. Some Roman Catholics continue fasting during the whole of Lent, as was the Church's traditional requirement, concluding only after the celebration of the Easter Vigil.
As the first day of Lent, Ash Wednesday comes the day after Shrove Tuesday or Mardi Gras (Fat Tuesday), the last day of the Carnival season.[12]
[edit] Biblical significance
Ash Wednesday is a day of repentance and it marks the beginning of Lent. Ashes were used in ancient times, according to the Bible, to express mourning. Dusting oneself with ashes was the penitent's way of expressing sorrow for sins and faults. An ancient example of one expressing one's penitence is found in Job 42:3-6. Job says to God: "I have heard of thee by the hearing of the ear: but now mine eye seeth thee. Wherefore I abhor myself, and repent in dust and ashes." (vv. 5-6, KJV) Other examples are found in several other books of the Bible including, Numbers 19:9, 19:17, Jonah 3:6, Matthew 11:21, and Luke 10:13, and Hebrews 9:13. Ezekiel 9 also speaks of a linen-clad messenger marking the forehead of the city inhabitants that have sorrow over the sins of the people. All those without the mark are destroyed.
It marks the start of a forty day period analogous to the separation of Jesus in the desert to fast and pray. During this time he was tempted. Matthew 4:1-11, Mark 1:12-13, and Luke 4:1-13.[13]
Theatre program from Ash Wednesday 1872
In Victorian England, theatres refrained from presenting costumed shows on Ash Wednesday, so they provided other entertainments, such as those shown on the program at right, from February 14, 1872 at the Gaiety Theatre, London.
[edit] Dates
Ash Wednesday is a moveable feast, occurring 46 days before Easter. It fell on February 6 in 2008 and on February 25 in 2009. In future years Ash Wednesday will occur on these dates:
* 2010 - February 17
* 2011 - March 9
* 2012 - February 22
* 2013 - February 13
* 2014 - March 5
* 2015 - February 18
* 2016 - February 10
* 2017 - March 1
* 2018 - February 14
* 2019 - March 6
Historical notes: The earliest date Ash Wednesday can occur is February 4 (in a common year with Easter on March 22), which happened in 1573, 1668, 1761 and 1818. The latest date is March 10 (when Easter Day falls on April 25) which occurred in 1546, 1641, 1736, 1886 and 1943. Ash Wednesday has never occurred on Leap Year Day (February 29), and it will not occur as such until 2096. The only other years of the third millennium that will have Ash Wednesday on February 29 are 2688, 2840, and 2992. (Ash Wednesday falls on February 29 only if Easter is on April 15 in a leap year.)
[edit] Denominations observing Ash Wednesday
These Christian denominations are among those that mark Ash Wednesday by holding a service of worship or Mass:
* African Methodist Episcopal Church
* African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church
* Anglican/Episcopal churches (excepting most Sydney Diocese churches)
* Individual Baptist churches may hold a service
* Church of God (Anderson)
* Church of the Nazarene
* Some congregations of Community of Christ
* Some Free Churches
* The Liberal Catholic Church
* Lutheran churches
* Old Catholic Church
* Reformed churches (Presbyterian, United Church of Christ, Christian Church (Disciples of Christ), etc.)
* Roman Catholic Church
* United Methodist churches
* Wesleyan churches
The Eastern Orthodox Church does not in general observe Ash Wednesday; instead, Orthodox Great Lent begins on Clean Monday. There are, however, a relatively small number of Orthodox Christians who follow the Western Rite; these do observe Ash Wednesday, although often on a different day from the previously-mentioned denominations, as its date is determined from the Orthodox calculation of Pascha, which may be as much as a month later than the Western observance of Easter.
